{"id":20151,"date":"2024-01-23T07:41:44","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T07:41:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/?p=20151"},"modified":"2024-07-26T13:35:47","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T13:35:47","slug":"vulnerabilites-de-lai-defis-en-matiere-de-securite-et-strategies-de-defense","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/","title":{"rendered":"Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et IA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20151\" class=\"elementor elementor-20151\" wpc-filter-elementor-widget=\"1\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2afb35c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2afb35c4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-30298736 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"30298736\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49a7ad8d syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49a7ad8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et intelligence artificielle : D\u00e9fis et solutions<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e9014b elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"5e9014b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9db14ad syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"9db14ad\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8191d68 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8191d68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et IA<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74e232d syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74e232d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s de l'IA et strat\u00e9gies de d\u00e9fense<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5612ad4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5612ad4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ef4f6f elementor-align-center elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"5ef4f6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#aboutus\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">D\u00e9filer vers le bas<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b96dc02 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"b96dc02\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b56fa8 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3b56fa8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a182864 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a182864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1cf50d syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1cf50d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>1. Vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s de l'IA<\/h2>\n<p>L'essor fulgurant de l'intelligence artificielle constitue aujourd'hui un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne d'une ampleur consid\u00e9rable, \u00e9voluant \u00e0 une vitesse remarquable. De l'assistant vocal \"Siri\" sur nos smartphones au chatbot \"ChatGPT\", en passant par la reconnaissance faciale utilis\u00e9e pour d\u00e9verrouiller nos appareils \u00e9lectroniques, l'intelligence artificielle impr\u00e8gne de mani\u00e8re omnipr\u00e9sente notre quotidien, offrant une facilit\u00e9 d'utilisation et une puissance extraordinaires. Qui n'a pas recours \u00e0 \"ChatGPT\" pour r\u00e9diger des messages complexes de nos jours ?<\/p>\n<p>Cependant, comme le soulignait le regrett\u00e9 oncle de Spider-Man, Ben Parker, \u00ab With great power comes great responsibility ! \u00bb ou \u00ab Avec un grand pouvoir vient une grande responsabilit\u00e9 ! \u00bb En effet, bien que l'IA repr\u00e9sente une cr\u00e9ation r\u00e9volutionnaire et puissante, elle s'accompagne d'une responsabilit\u00e9 consid\u00e9rable. Il est imp\u00e9ratif de garantir sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9, un domaine qui diff\u00e8re grandement de ce que \u00e0 quoi nous sommes habitu\u00e9s aujourd'hui dans le monde de l'informatique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35b3aac syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35b3aac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Quelles sont les raisons pour lesquelles l'intelligence artificielle soul\u00e8ve des enjeux de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Les failles des syst\u00e8mes d'intelligence artificielle diff\u00e8rent notablement de celles que l'on peut rencontrer dans les syst\u00e8mes plus traditionnels, souvent caus\u00e9es par des \"bugs\" ou des erreurs humaines. Les attaques sur l'IA, \u00e9galement connues sous le nom d'attaques IA, ciblent plut\u00f4t les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s r\u00e9sultant des limitations inh\u00e9rentes aux algorithmes, lesquelles, pour l'instant, restent difficilement r\u00e9ductibles.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e par les chercheurs d'Adversa met en lumi\u00e8re les domaines vuln\u00e9rables exploit\u00e9s pour attaquer les syst\u00e8mes aliment\u00e9s par l'intelligence artificielle. Selon leurs conclusions, ce sont principalement les syst\u00e8mes traitant les donn\u00e9es visuelles qui repr\u00e9sentent la majorit\u00e9 des cibles d'attaques dans le domaine de l'IA.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5dd8386c elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"5dd8386c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"xs_pie_1\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f749772 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3f749772\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-403c6a6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"403c6a6c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-282da408 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"282da408\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-21ea02a8 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"21ea02a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d275245 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"7d275245\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1ba42c9b syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"1ba42c9b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7de40cd elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"7de40cd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e92d14f syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"e92d14f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5a88a3 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5a88a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Sc\u00e9narios d'attaque<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Les attaques dirig\u00e9es contre les syst\u00e8mes d'intelligence artificielle, commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9es <em>attaques adversarial<\/em> d\u00e9crites par l'\u00e9quipe de l'UC Berkeley Machine Learning, reposent sur la cr\u00e9ation d'illusions. Il s'agit d'actions manipulatrices et de donn\u00e9es trompeuses con\u00e7ues pour tromper l'algorithme de l'IA, ce qui am\u00e8ne la machine \u00e0 se comporter de mani\u00e8re inhabituelle ou \u00e0 r\u00e9v\u00e9ler des informations confidentielles<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Le fonctionnement de ces attaques diff\u00e8re des logiciels conventionnels, car les syst\u00e8mes d'IA utilisent des algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique qui d\u00e9veloppent leur comportement \u00e0 travers des actions r\u00e9p\u00e9titives et l'exp\u00e9rience. Le probl\u00e8me en termes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 r\u00e9side dans le fait que ces algorithmes transforment une donn\u00e9e d'entr\u00e9e en une donn\u00e9e de sortie. Par exemple, si un syst\u00e8me d'IA reconna\u00eet qu'une image contient un objet sp\u00e9cifique en comparant les pixels de cette image avec ceux d'autres images de l'objet trait\u00e9 pendant son apprentissage, cette caract\u00e9ristique peut \u00eatre exploit\u00e9e pour d\u00e9router l'algorithme.<\/p>\n<p>Voici quelques exemples d'attaques ciblant les domaines de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 \u00e9voqu\u00e9s pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Attaque<\/em> <em>adversarial <\/em>contre les syst\u00e8mes de vision :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En 2018, un groupe de chercheurs a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 tromper un syst\u00e8me de conduite autonome pour qu'il identifie un panneau d'arr\u00eat comme \u00e9tant un panneau de limitation de vitesse. La  m\u00e9thode utilis\u00e9e consistait \u00e0 manipuler l\u2019image du panneau STOP en ajoutant des pixels, cr\u00e9ant ainsi une perturbation invisible \u00e0 l'\u0153il nu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-fd76012 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"fd76012\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-469e249 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"469e249\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9918aed syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9918aed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"323\" height=\"323\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20182\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP.png 323w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-230x230.png 230w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 323px) 100vw, 323px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6991067 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6991067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0D\u00e9tect\u00e9 STOP \u00e0 57.7%<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-045e2d4 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"045e2d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffa81c4 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ffa81c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2a6533 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2a6533\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>+ .007 x<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4142cc6 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"4142cc6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-435ed49 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"435ed49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"318\" height=\"318\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20183\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP2.jpg 318w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP2-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP2-230x230.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac43d79 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"ac43d79\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e76c92 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6e76c92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-202b8e7 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"202b8e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>=<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d09564 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"0d09564\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b43052b syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b43052b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"323\" height=\"323\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20182\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP.png 323w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/STOP-230x230.png 230w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 323px) 100vw, 323px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-004125c syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"004125c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u00e9tect\u00e9 Panneau limitation de vitesse 50 \u00e0 99. 3%<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e8b3ba3 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"e8b3ba3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-71675cd syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"71675cd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c8afcd syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c8afcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C'est ainsi que le classificateur d'images GoogLeNet a \u00e9t\u00e9 induit en erreur,pensant qu'une image clairement repr\u00e9sentant quelque chose correspondait en fait \u00e0 autre chose, selon sa perspective.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Attaques adverses <\/em>contre les syst\u00e8mes de reconnaissance vocale<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les attaques adversarial ne se limitent pas aux syst\u00e8mes de vision. En 2018, des chercheurs ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que les syst\u00e8mes de reconnaissance vocale automatis\u00e9e (ASR) pouvaient \u00e9galement \u00eatre la cible de telles attaques.<\/p>\n<p>L'ASR est la technologie qui permet \u00e0 des dispositifs tels qu'Amazon Alexa, Apple Siri et Microsoft Cortana d'analyser les commandes vocales.<\/p>\n<p>Dans ce type d'attaque, un pirate manipule un fichier audio afin d'y int\u00e9grer une commande vocale dissimul\u00e9e, inaudible pour l'oreille humaine. Un auditeur humain ne remarquerait donc pas le changement, mais pour un algorithme d'apprentissage automatique, la modification serait clairement d\u00e9tectable et exploitable. Cette technique pourrait \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour transmettre secr\u00e8tement des commandes \u00e0 des haut-parleurs intelligents.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f992e9 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"0f992e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=t5-vMJDFr8E&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44a28a9 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44a28a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Attaque adversarial contre les classificateurs de texte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En 2019, des chercheurs d'IBM Research, d'Amazon, et de l'Universit\u00e9 du Texas ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que ce type d'attaques ciblait \u00e9galement les algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique des classificateurs de texte, tels que les filtres anti-spam.<\/p>\n<p>Surnomm\u00e9es \"attaques de paraphrase\", ces attaques adversarial bas\u00e9es sur du texte consistent \u00e0 apporter des modifications aux s\u00e9quences de mots dans un morceau de texte afin de provoquer une erreur de classification dans l'algorithme d'apprentissage automatique.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Attaque adversarial black-box et white-box<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Comme toute cyberattaque, le succ\u00e8s des attaques adversarial d\u00e9pend de la quantit\u00e9 d'informations dont dispose un attaquant sur le syst\u00e8me d'apprentissage automatique cibl\u00e9. Selon le niveau d'information d\u00e9tenu, on distingue les attaques en black-box et les attaques en white-box.<\/p>\n<p>Une attaque est qualifi\u00e9e de black-box lorsque l'attaquant dispose d'informations et d'un acc\u00e8s limit\u00e9s, \u00e9quivalant ainsi aux capacit\u00e9s d'un utilisateur ordinaire. De plus, l'attaquant n'a aucune connaissance du syst\u00e8me ni des donn\u00e9es sous-jacentes au service. Par exemple, pour cibler une API accessible au public comme Amazon Rekognition, l'attaquant doit sonder le syst\u00e8me en fournissant diverses entr\u00e9es \u00e0 plusieurs reprises et \u00e9valuer les r\u00e9ponses jusqu'\u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte d'une vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Une attaque est qualifi\u00e9e de white-box lorsque l'attaquant poss\u00e8de une connaissance compl\u00e8te et une transparence totale du syst\u00e8me ou des donn\u00e9es cibles. Dans ce cas, les attaquants peuvent examiner le fonctionnement interne du syst\u00e8me et sont mieux plac\u00e9s pour identifier des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Chen, un chercheur, a soulign\u00e9 que \"les attaques en black-box sont plus pratiques pour \u00e9valuer la robustesse des syst\u00e8mes de Machine Learning d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s et \u00e0 acc\u00e8s limit\u00e9 du point de vue d\u2019un adversaire\", tandis que \"les attaques en white-box sont plus utiles pour les d\u00e9veloppeurs de syst\u00e8mes afin de comprendre les limites du syst\u00e8me de Machine Learning et d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la robustesse pendant la formation des syst\u00e8mes.\"<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab2c2e5 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab2c2e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Il existe \u00e9galement un autre type d\u2019attaque appel\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/ia-generative-implications-en-matiere-de-securite-monde-de-lart\/\">attaque d\u2019empoisonnement de donn\u00e9es.<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-95b0f8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"95b0f8f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f302a4 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2f302a4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ee83c3 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ee83c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans certaines situations, les attaquants ont acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l'ensemble de donn\u00e9es utilis\u00e9 pour former le syst\u00e8me d'apprentissage automatique. Dans ces cas, les attaquants peuvent mettre en \u0153uvre une technique appel\u00e9e \"<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/ia-generative-implications-en-matiere-de-securite-monde-de-lart\/\">empoisonnement des donn\u00e9es<\/a><\/strong>\", o\u00f9 ils introduisent d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s dans le syst\u00e8me pendant la phase d'entra\u00eenement.<\/p>\n<p>Par exemple, un attaquant pourrait entra\u00eener un syst\u00e8me d'apprentissage automatique pour \u00eatre secr\u00e8tement sensible \u00e0 un motif sp\u00e9cifique de pixels, puis le distribuer aux d\u00e9veloppeurs en vue de son int\u00e9gration dans leurs applications sans leur connaissance. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 les co\u00fbts et la complexit\u00e9 associ\u00e9s au d\u00e9veloppement d'algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique, l'utilisation de syst\u00e8mes pr\u00e9-entra\u00een\u00e9s est tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue dans la communaut\u00e9 de l'IA. Une fois le syst\u00e8me distribu\u00e9, l'attaquant exploite la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 pour attaquer les applications qui l'ont int\u00e9gr\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7a5905 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"f7a5905\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f516ed4 elementor-cta--skin-cover syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"f516ed4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/AdobeStock_564645192-1024x683.jpeg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Portrait photor\u00e9aliste d&#039;un cerf v\u00eatu d&#039;un \u00e9l\u00e9gant costume d&#039;affaires, fond d&#039;\u00e9cran \u00e9l\u00e9gant, poster, avatar de compte int\u00e9ressant, par exemple, pour les jeux en ligne et pas seulement pour les affaires. IA\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAttaque par empoisonnement de donn\u00e9es\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tUn nouveau vecteur d'attaque au sein de l'IA\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/ia-generative-implications-en-matiere-de-securite-monde-de-lart\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLire l'article\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f88e0c syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f88e0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>2. S\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l'IA<\/h2>\n<h3>M\u00e9thode de protection de l'IA : Adversarial Training<\/h3>\n<p>Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, des chercheurs en intelligence artificielle ont mis au point diverses techniques visant \u00e0 renforcer la robustesse des syst\u00e8mes d'apprentissage automatique face aux <em>attaques adversarial<\/em> attaques adversarial. La m\u00e9thode de d\u00e9fense la plus reconnue est l'\u00ab<em>formation contradictoire\". <\/em>o\u00f9 les d\u00e9veloppeurs corrigent les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s en soumettant le syst\u00e8me d'apprentissage automatique \u00e0 des exemples de donn\u00e9es contradictoires pendant la formation.<\/p>\n<p>Avec cette approche, les concepteurs d'un mod\u00e8le g\u00e9n\u00e8rent de nombreux <em>adversarial examples <\/em>\u00a0pour confronter le mod\u00e8le \u00e0 ces cas particuliers, permettant ainsi au syst\u00e8me de s'ajuster et de ne plus reproduire ces erreurs \u00e0 l'avenir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28f7175 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"28f7175\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"523\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20193\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning.jpg 523w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning-230x124.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning-350x188.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Deep-learning-480x258.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 523px) 100vw, 523px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a4e900 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a4e900\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cette approche repose sur le Deep Learning, une forme d'intelligence artificielle d\u00e9riv\u00e9e du machine learning, o\u00f9 la machine se contente d'appliquer rigoureusement des r\u00e8gles pr\u00e9\u00e9tablies. En utilisant un r\u00e9seau de neurones artificiels inspir\u00e9s du fonctionnement du cerveau humain, compos\u00e9 de centaines de couches, chaque couche recevant et interpr\u00e9tant les informations de la couche pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, le syst\u00e8me est capable de reconna\u00eetre d'abord les lettres avant de traiter les mots dans un texte, voire m\u00eame de d\u00e9terminer la pr\u00e9sence d'un visage sur une photo avant d'identifier la personne concern\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 chaque \u00e9tape, les \u00ab\u2009mauvaises\u2009\u00bb r\u00e9ponses sont \u00e9limin\u00e9es et renvoy\u00e9es vers les niveaux en amont pour ajuster le mod\u00e8le math\u00e9matique. Progressivement, le programme r\u00e9organise les informations en blocs plus complexes. Lorsque ce mod\u00e8le est ensuite appliqu\u00e9 \u00e0 d'autres cas, il peut reconna\u00eetre un chat sans qu'on lui ait jamais explicitement enseign\u00e9 le concept de chat. Les donn\u00e9es initiales sont cruciales : \u00e0 mesure que le syst\u00e8me accumule diverses exp\u00e9riences, sa performance s'am\u00e9liore.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8da6906 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8da6906\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Les limitations de cette m\u00e9thode<\/h4>\n<p>Bien que cette approche soit efficace, elle demeure insuffisante pour contrer toutes les attaques en raison de la diversit\u00e9 des possibilit\u00e9s, lesquelles ne peuvent toutes \u00eatre anticip\u00e9es. Ainsi, il s'agit d'une course entre les attaquants qui g\u00e9n\u00e8rent de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies et les concepteurs qui entra\u00eenent les mod\u00e8les pour les immuniser contre ces attaques.<\/p>\n<p>En d'autres termes, construire un mod\u00e8le th\u00e9orique exhaustif pour anticiper ces exemples est pratiquement impossible. Cela reviendrait \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes d'optimisation extr\u00eamement complexes, pour lesquels nous ne disposons pas des outils th\u00e9oriques n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e9thode de protection de l'IA: les techniques de masquage de gradient<\/h3>\n<p>Comme pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment mentionn\u00e9, certaines techniques d'attaque exploitent le gradient d'une image. En d'autres termes, les attaquants prennent une image d'un avion, testent quelle direction dans l'espace de l'image augmente la probabilit\u00e9 que l'image soit reconnue comme un chat, puis perturbent l'entr\u00e9e dans cette direction en modifiant son gradient. La nouvelle image modifi\u00e9e est ainsi faussement identifi\u00e9e comme celle d'un chat.<\/p>\n<p>Cependant, que se passerait-il s'il n'y avait pas de gradient, c'est-\u00e0-dire si une modification de l'image ne provoquait aucun changement ? Cette situation semble offrir une certaine d\u00e9fense car l'attaquant ne saurait pas dans quelle direction orienter l'image.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c1db07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3c1db07\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-abb796b syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"abb796b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c2de6f syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c2de6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nous pouvons facilement imaginer des moyens tr\u00e8s triviaux de se d\u00e9barrasser du gradient. La plupart des mod\u00e8les de classification d'images peuvent fonctionner selon deux modes : un mode o\u00f9 ils produisent uniquement l'identit\u00e9 de l'image la plus probable, et un mode o\u00f9 ils g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des probabilit\u00e9s. Si l'image est identifi\u00e9e comme \u00ab 99,9% avion, 0,1% chat \u00bb, alors une l\u00e9g\u00e8re modification de l'entr\u00e9e entra\u00eene un l\u00e9ger changement de la sortie, et le gradient indique quels changements augmenteront la probabilit\u00e9 d'avoir un chat. En revanche, si le mod\u00e8le est ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 en mode o\u00f9 la sortie est d\u00e9tect\u00e9e uniquement comme un avion seulement (l\u2019identit\u00e9 la plus probable seulement), alors une petite modification de l'entr\u00e9e ne changera pas du tout la sortie, et le gradient ne fournira aucune indication.<\/p>\n<p>Voici comment expliquer cette m\u00e9thode :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-735eb49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"735eb49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e435050 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"e435050\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2078571 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2078571\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nous sommes tous d'accord pour dire que cette image repr\u00e9sente clairement un avion. \u00c0 premi\u00e8re vue, nous pouvons l'affirmer avec certitude \u00e0 100%.<\/p>\n<p>Maintenant, imaginons que notre mod\u00e8le de classificateur d'images fonctionne en mode probabiliste.<\/p>\n<p>Lorsque nous lui pr\u00e9sentons l'image de l'avion en tant qu'entr\u00e9e, voici le r\u00e9sultat obtenu en sortie :<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>99.9% avion, 0,1% chat<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f11a36 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"8f11a36\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5acd7ff syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5acd7ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"401\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20187\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft.jpg 401w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-230x173.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-350x263.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dae7482 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dae7482\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Maintenant, ajoutons al\u00e9atoirement quelques pixels pour observer comment cela pourrait alt\u00e9rer la sortie de notre classificateur :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-413a05f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"413a05f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c758c13 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"c758c13\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c35db57 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c35db57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"401\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20187\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft.jpg 401w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-230x173.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-350x263.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f94a52 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"8f94a52\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-586a409 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"586a409\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9818e1 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e9818e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>+ .007 x<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f5987f syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2f5987f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-814ac59 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"814ac59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"478\" height=\"299\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20188\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-2.jpg 478w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-2-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-2-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-2-230x144.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-2-350x219.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-181a33e syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"181a33e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le r\u00e9sultat est maintenant le suivant :<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>90 % avion, 10 % chat.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Avec ces r\u00e9sultats, l'attaquant peut d\u00e9terminer \u00ab la direction de l\u2019espace \u00bb dans laquelle perturber l'entr\u00e9e en ajoutant des pixels pour accro\u00eetre la probabilit\u00e9 que l'image soit identifi\u00e9e comme un chat.<\/p>\n<p>Ensuite, imaginons que notre classificateur d'images fonctionne en mode \"image la plus probable\", sans la notion de gradient. Pr\u00e9sentons-lui \u00e0 nouveau l'image de l'avion. La sortie du classificateur, d\u00e9pourvu de la notion de gradient, ne fournira que le r\u00e9sultat le plus probable :<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Avion.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En ajoutant des pixels \u00e0 l'entr\u00e9e :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d324f4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"9d324f4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-01a4bb4 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"01a4bb4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d194d89 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d194d89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"401\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20187\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft.jpg 401w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-230x173.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-350x263.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c021222 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"c021222\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81ee892 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"81ee892\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-867a398 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"867a398\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>+ .007 x<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2228ec4 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"2228ec4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8adb8e5 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8adb8e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"335\" height=\"209\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20189\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-3.jpg 335w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-3-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-3-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Aircraft-3-230x143.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 335px) 100vw, 335px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-33ec228 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"33ec228\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e04ab08 syd-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"e04ab08\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d39091 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d39091\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que le r\u00e9sultat le plus probable demeure \"avion\" dans ce cas, la sortie reste inchang\u00e9e. L'attaquant n'a donc pas la capacit\u00e9 de d\u00e9terminer comment alt\u00e9rer l'entr\u00e9e pour tromper notre classificateur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4daca80 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4daca80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Les limitations de cette m\u00e9thode<\/h4>\n<p>Bien que cette m\u00e9thode puisse offrir une certaine d\u00e9fense, elle n'est pas infaillible. En effet, un attaquant pourrait \u00e9laborer son propre mod\u00e8le, un mod\u00e8le fonctionnant avec le gradient, manipuler des images pour son mod\u00e8le, puis d\u00e9ployer ces exemples contre le mod\u00e8le cible. Dans de nombreux cas, le mod\u00e8le cible serait pi\u00e9g\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>En d'autres termes, l'attaquant entra\u00eene un mod\u00e8le de substitution : une copie qui imite le mod\u00e8le cible en observant les sorties du mod\u00e8le cible pour des entr\u00e9es soigneusement choisis par l'attaquant. C'est ainsi qu'il pourrait contourner le masquage du gradient.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e9thode de protection de l'IA: la ma\u00eetrise des entr\u00e9es<\/h3>\n<p>La m\u00e9thode de ma\u00eetrise des entr\u00e9es, \u00e9galement connue sous le nom d'augmentation des donn\u00e9es, regroupe diverses techniques visant \u00e0 accro\u00eetre artificiellement la quantit\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es en g\u00e9n\u00e9rant de nouveaux points \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es existantes. Cela peut inclure de l\u00e9g\u00e8res modifications aux donn\u00e9es existantes ou l'utilisation de mod\u00e8les d'apprentissage profond pour cr\u00e9er de nouveaux points. Cette approche vise \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la pr\u00e9cision des pr\u00e9dictions du mod\u00e8le.<\/p>\n<p>La plupart des techniques d'augmentation de donn\u00e9es se concentrent principalement sur des modifications visuelles simples.<\/p>\n<p>On pourra parler de :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rembourrage<\/li>\n<li>Rotation al\u00e9atoire<\/li>\n<li>Re-scaling<\/li>\n<li>Retournement vertical et horizontal<\/li>\n<li>Recadrage<\/li>\n<li>Zoom<\/li>\n<li>Assombrissement et \u00e9claircissement\/modification des couleurs<\/li>\n<li>\u00c9chelle de gris<\/li>\n<li>Modification du contraste<\/li>\n<li>Ajout de bruit<\/li>\n<li>Effacement al\u00e9atoire<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47c37de syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47c37de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Les limitations de cette m\u00e9thode<\/h4>\n<p>Cette m\u00e9thode se r\u00e9v\u00e8le efficace, sauf dans le cas o\u00f9 les donn\u00e9es sont restreintes. En effet, dans ces situations, des informations cruciales peuvent manquer, notamment celles provenant des donn\u00e9es non utilis\u00e9es lors de l'entra\u00eenement, ce qui peut entra\u00eener des r\u00e9sultats biais\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e9thode de protection : distillation<\/h3>\n<p>La distillation d\u00e9fensive constitue une m\u00e9thode d'entra\u00eenement visant \u00e0 renforcer la r\u00e9silience d'un algorithme de classification, r\u00e9duisant ainsi sa vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 aux exploitations. Cette approche consiste \u00e0 former un mod\u00e8le pour pr\u00e9dire les probabilit\u00e9s de sortie d'un autre mod\u00e8le pr\u00e9alablement entra\u00een\u00e9 sur une base standard, augmentant ainsi la pr\u00e9cision du processus.<\/p>\n<p>Lorsqu'un mod\u00e8le est entra\u00een\u00e9 pour atteindre une pr\u00e9cision maximale, par exemple avec un seuil de probabilit\u00e9 de 100%, il peut pr\u00e9senter des lacunes, car l'algorithme ne traite pas chaque pixel pour des raisons de temps. Si un attaquant apprend quelles fonctionnalit\u00e9s et param\u00e8tres le syst\u00e8me analyse, il pourrait envoyer une image incorrecte avec seulement les pixels pertinents pour tromper le mod\u00e8le.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le cas de la distillation, le premier mod\u00e8le indique une probabilit\u00e9 de 95% qu'une empreinte digitale corresponde \u00e0 l'analyse biom\u00e9trique enregistr\u00e9e. Cette incertitude est ensuite utilis\u00e9e pour entra\u00eener un deuxi\u00e8me mod\u00e8le, agissant comme un filtre suppl\u00e9mentaire. Avec l'introduction d'un \u00e9l\u00e9ment al\u00e9atoire, le deuxi\u00e8me algorithme, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 \"algorithme distill\u00e9\", devient beaucoup plus robuste, ce qui lui permet de d\u00e9tecter plus facilement les tentatives d'usurpation.<\/p>\n<h4>Les limitations de cette m\u00e9thode<\/h4>\n<p>Le principal inconv\u00e9nient de cette approche r\u00e9side dans le fait que, bien que le deuxi\u00e8me mod\u00e8le b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d'une plus grande souplesse pour rejeter les manipulations d'un attaquant, il demeure n\u00e9anmoins contraint par les r\u00e8gles g\u00e9n\u00e9rales du premier mod\u00e8le. Ainsi, avec une puissance de calcul suffisante et des ajustements appropri\u00e9s de la part de l'attaquant, les deux mod\u00e8les peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9tro-con\u00e7us pour d\u00e9couvrir des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s fondamentales.<\/p>\n<p>De plus, les mod\u00e8les de distillation sont sujets aux attaques d'empoisonnement, o\u00f9 la base de donn\u00e9es de formation initiale peut \u00eatre corrompue par un acteur malveillant.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e9thode de protection de l'IA : Compression<\/h3>\n<p>La technique de compression s'av\u00e8re efficace pour rep\u00e9rer <em>attaques adversarial<\/em> en comprimant une entr\u00e9e de diverses mani\u00e8res et en la soumettant au m\u00eame mod\u00e8le. Les r\u00e9sultats obtenus sont ensuite compar\u00e9s, et si les entr\u00e9es compress\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des sorties sensiblement diff\u00e9rentes de l'entr\u00e9e non modifi\u00e9e, cela indique la d\u00e9tection d'une attaque.<\/p>\n<p>En quantifiant le d\u00e9saccord entre les pr\u00e9dictions et en \u00e9tablissant un seuil, notre syst\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e8re des pr\u00e9dictions pr\u00e9cises pour les exemples l\u00e9gitimes tout en rejetant les entr\u00e9es provenant d'une attaque.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d41528 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7d41528\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"602\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-1024x602.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20215\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-1024x602.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-1536x904.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-1000x588.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-230x135.png 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-350x206.png 350w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression-480x282.png 480w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-Protection-Method-Compression.png 1700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56474e6 syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56474e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Les limitations de cette m\u00e9thode<\/h4>\n<p>Cette approche n'est efficace que contre des attaquants statiques qui ne s'ajustent pas pour cibler directement la m\u00e9thode de compression. Cependant, si les attaquants parviennent \u00e0 s'adapter, ils peuvent identifier une entr\u00e9e produisant une sortie incorrecte tout en maintenant un score de comparaison entre les pr\u00e9dictions du mod\u00e8le pour les entr\u00e9es compress\u00e9es et l'entr\u00e9e non compress\u00e9e en de\u00e7\u00e0 du seuil de d\u00e9tection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1f4144 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c1f4144\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-star\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24064fe syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24064fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En conclusion, l'\u00e9volution rapide de l'intelligence artificielle a r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 de nombreux aspects de notre vie quotidienne et professionnelle. Cependant, cette avanc\u00e9e technologique n'est pas sans risques. Comme nous l'avons vu, l'IA est susceptible \u00e0 une multitude de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, allant des attaques adversarial aux empoisonnements de donn\u00e9es. Les m\u00e9thodes de d\u00e9fense actuelles, telles que l'entra\u00eenement adversarial, les techniques de masquage de gradient, la ma\u00eetrise des entr\u00e9es, la distillation et la compression, offrent des solutions partielles et sp\u00e9cifiques, mais aucune d'entre elles ne constitue une panac\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Face \u00e0 ces d\u00e9fis, il est clair que la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans l'IA est un domaine en constante \u00e9volution, n\u00e9cessitant une vigilance et une innovation permanentes. Les chercheurs et les d\u00e9veloppeurs doivent continuer \u00e0 collaborer pour concevoir des syst\u00e8mes d'IA plus robustes et s\u00e9curis\u00e9s. En parall\u00e8le, il est imp\u00e9ratif de d\u00e9velopper une compr\u00e9hension plus profonde des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s de l'IA pour anticiper et contrer efficacement les nouvelles menaces.<\/p>\n<p>L'avenir de l'IA d\u00e9pendra en grande partie de notre capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser ses fondations et \u00e0 \u00e9duquer les utilisateurs sur les risques potentiels. En adoptant une approche proactive et en investissant dans la recherche et le d\u00e9veloppement en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, nous pouvons esp\u00e9rer naviguer avec succ\u00e8s dans ce labyrinthe complexe de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s, assurant ainsi un avenir plus s\u00fbr et plus fiable pour l'intelligence artificielle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Face \u00e0 ces d\u00e9fis en constante \u00e9volution, il est essentiel de s'entourer d'experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9. Stroople, en tant que pure player dans le domaine de la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9, se positionne comme le partenaire de confiance pour accompagner ses clients dans la s\u00e9curisation de leurs activit\u00e9s num\u00e9riques face \u00e0 l'\u00e9volution rapide de la cybermenace.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eba0dab syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-testimonial\" data-id=\"eba0dab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"testimonial.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-meta elementor-has-image elementor-testimonial-image-position-aside\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-meta-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-20216\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim-230x230.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Kim-350x350.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-name\">Kim RENNO<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-job\">Consultant en \u00e9valuation des risques<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5107896 elementor-align-center syd-sticky-section-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5107896\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/newsletters\/7120442855684231170\/?displayConfirmation=true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">S'abonner sur LinkedIn<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence: Challenges &amp; Solutions Cybersecurity and AI AI&#8217;s vulnerabilities and defense strategies Scroll Down 1. AI and its vulnerabilities [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20153,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-security"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cybersecurity and AI - Stroople<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Uncover AI&#039;s vulnerabilities and defense strategies in our article. Learn about adversarial attacks, AI system weaknesses, and effective security measures. Essential reading for understanding AI&#039;s security landscape.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/vulnerabilites-de-lai-defis-en-matiere-de-securite-et-strategies-de-defense\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cybersecurity and AI - Stroople\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uncover AI&#039;s vulnerabilities and defense strategies in our article. Learn about adversarial attacks, AI system weaknesses, and effective security measures. Essential reading for understanding AI&#039;s security landscape.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/vulnerabilites-de-lai-defis-en-matiere-de-securite-et-strategies-de-defense\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Stroople\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-23T07:41:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-26T13:35:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-vulnerabilities-1024x585.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"585\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Stroople1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Stroople1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a1eb93cbbffe1681999993af123a6d44\"},\"headline\":\"Cybersecurity and AI\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-23T07:41:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-26T13:35:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2658,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/AI-vulnerabilities.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"AI Security\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cybersecurity and AI - Stroople\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/AI-vulnerabilities.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-23T07:41:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-26T13:35:47+00:00\",\"description\":\"Uncover AI's vulnerabilities and defense strategies in our article. Learn about adversarial attacks, AI system weaknesses, and effective security measures. Essential reading for understanding AI's security landscape.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/AI-vulnerabilities.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/AI-vulnerabilities.png\",\"width\":1792,\"height\":1024},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Cybersecurity and AI\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Stroople\",\"description\":\"Cybersecurity Expertise\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Stroople Cybersecurity\",\"alternateName\":\"Stroople\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Logo-Stroople-responsive.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Logo-Stroople-responsive.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"Stroople Cybersecurity\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Stroople1\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/stroople\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UC_kTnaswN04kjIrHU0Pi_qg\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.stroople.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a1eb93cbbffe1681999993af123a6d44\",\"name\":\"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cf565399cf069755c53f17b9c363d364247d5ad1c1bc3bc3ff3b9ff928b80411?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cf565399cf069755c53f17b9c363d364247d5ad1c1bc3bc3ff3b9ff928b80411?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cf565399cf069755c53f17b9c363d364247d5ad1c1bc3bc3ff3b9ff928b80411?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/stroople.com\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et IA - Stroople","description":"D\u00e9couvrez les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s de l'IA et les strat\u00e9gies de d\u00e9fense dans notre article. D\u00e9couvrez les attaques adverses, les faiblesses des syst\u00e8mes d'IA et les mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 efficaces. Une lecture essentielle pour comprendre le paysage de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l'IA.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/vulnerabilites-de-lai-defis-en-matiere-de-securite-et-strategies-de-defense\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Cybersecurity and AI - Stroople","og_description":"Uncover AI's vulnerabilities and defense strategies in our article. Learn about adversarial attacks, AI system weaknesses, and effective security measures. Essential reading for understanding AI's security landscape.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/vulnerabilites-de-lai-defis-en-matiere-de-securite-et-strategies-de-defense\/","og_site_name":"Stroople","article_published_time":"2024-01-23T07:41:44+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-07-26T13:35:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":585,"url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-vulnerabilities-1024x585.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@Stroople1","twitter_site":"@Stroople1","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"16 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/"},"author":{"name":"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a1eb93cbbffe1681999993af123a6d44"},"headline":"Cybersecurity and AI","datePublished":"2024-01-23T07:41:44+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-26T13:35:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/"},"wordCount":2658,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-vulnerabilities.png","articleSection":["AI Security"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/","url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/","name":"Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et IA - Stroople","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-vulnerabilities.png","datePublished":"2024-01-23T07:41:44+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-26T13:35:47+00:00","description":"D\u00e9couvrez les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s de l'IA et les strat\u00e9gies de d\u00e9fense dans notre article. D\u00e9couvrez les attaques adverses, les faiblesses des syst\u00e8mes d'IA et les mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 efficaces. Une lecture essentielle pour comprendre le paysage de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l'IA.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-vulnerabilities.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AI-vulnerabilities.png","width":1792,"height":1024},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/ai-vulnerabilities-security-challenges-and-defense-strategies\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Cybersecurity and AI"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/","name":"Stroople","description":"Expertise en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#organization","name":"Stroople Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9","alternateName":"Stroople","url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Logo-Stroople-responsive.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Logo-Stroople-responsive.png","width":1000,"height":1000,"caption":"Stroople Cybersecurity"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/Stroople1","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/stroople\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC_kTnaswN04kjIrHU0Pi_qg"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a1eb93cbbffe1681999993af123a6d44","name":"STROOPLEADMINISTRATEUR","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cf565399cf069755c53f17b9c363d364247d5ad1c1bc3bc3ff3b9ff928b80411?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cf565399cf069755c53f17b9c363d364247d5ad1c1bc3bc3ff3b9ff928b80411?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cf565399cf069755c53f17b9c363d364247d5ad1c1bc3bc3ff3b9ff928b80411?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"STROOPLEADMINISTRATOR"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/stroople.com"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20151"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20151\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stroople.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}